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2016年4月11日 星期一

你真的知道Very這個單字嗎?

Very 這個字是每個考生都知道也都常用的,但是這個字,用不好,反而會顯的英文程度差。你是不是用對了呢?

1. 在只能做表語的形容詞前不能用very,而要使用其他的詞。
例如:
(1) It's well worth trying(不能說very worth)這很值得一試。
(2) I'm wide awake(不能說very awake)我是完全清醒的。
(3) She's fast asleep(不能說very asleep)她在酣睡。
(4) We are much beholden to you for your help(不能說very beholden)
我們非常感激你給我們的幫助。
(5) He felt quite sure of the appointment。他感到很有把握獲得這個職位。

(6) I'm much afraid of snakes。我非常害怕蛇。(口說上也使用very)

類似這樣不能和very連用的形容詞還有:afloatalightalivealonealike等。它們可以和muchvery much連用。
例如:
(1) The two brothers are very much alike。這兩兄弟非常相像。
(2) He is very much alive。他非常活躍。


2. 在過去分詞用為語動詞時不可和very連用,要用muchvery muchquite等說明程度。
例如:
(1) The financial situation seems to be much/very much improved(不能說very improved) 財政狀況似乎有很大好轉。
(2) Britain's trade position has been much/very much weakened by inflation。通貨膨脹很大程度上削弱了英國的貿易地位。
(3) Ted was most surprised when he heard the news。特德聽到這個消息很吃驚。

當過去分詞指的是一種狀態或性質時,可和very連用。
例如:
(1) a very frightened animal一隻極度受驚的動物
(2) a very complicated problem一個很複雜的問題

當過去分詞用作謂語動詞,但表示一個人對某事的反應時,可與very連用。
例如:
(1) We were all very shocked by the news about Tony。我們聽到關於托尼的消息都很震驚。
(2) I am very pleased to hear it。聽到這話我很高興。
有些人在這種情況下寧願用much不用very,但在現代英語非正式文體中常用very

3. 現在分詞一般不能和very連用,要用muchquite或其他詞。
例如:
The theory sounds quite convincing。這意見聽起來很有說服力。
又如:不能說very screaming(尖聲喊叫的)children必須使用像這樣的詞continually or loudly screaming children; singing birds也不可說成very singing birds等等。
very只可能和已轉用為形容詞的現在分詞連用,例如:very interesting(很有趣)very exciting(非常令人興奮)等。

順便說一下,在有的副詞前不用very要用wellquite表示很,非常,完全之意。
例如:
(1) His name is well up in the list。他的名字排在名單的前面。
(2) He was treated quite fairly。他受到很公平的對待。
動詞也不和very連用,要用其他副詞,如much/very much quite等修飾。
例如:
(1) I should much like to come。我很想來。

(2) They closely resemble each other in appearance。他們的外貌很相似。
(3) By doing so you will greatly oblige us。您這樣做將使我們非常感激。
(4) He is well grounded in the English language。他的英語有很好的基礎。

是不是發現原來自己都用錯了?! 只要能正確使用這一個字,英文程度就會大大提升喔~


2013年2月7日 星期四

澳洲孩童面臨生日蠟燭禁令以防範病菌傳播


Australian Kids Face Birthday Candle Ban to Prevent Spreading Germs
澳洲孩童面臨生日蠟燭禁令以防範病菌傳播
By Charlie Campbell

Australian children are to be banned from blowing out candles (吹蠟燭)
on birthday cakes under new hygiene (衛生) regulations (規定)
that have been slammed (猛烈抨擊) by the Australian Medical Association as “bubble-wrapping.” (氣泡包裝紙,此引申為過度保護)

According to Australia’s Daily Telegraph (澳洲每日電報), the guidelines (守則), set by Australia’s National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC,澳洲國家健康與醫療研究會), instruct (指示、命令) daycare centers (托兒中心) to provide birthday boys and girls with their own individual cupcakes (杯子蛋糕) to blow the candles out, to avoid the spread of germs.

“Children love to blow out their candles while their friends are singing ‘Happy birthday,’” the document (公文) states (陳述、聲明). “To prevent the spread of germs when the child blows out the candles, parents should either provide a separate (個別的) cupcake, with a candle if they wish, for the birthday child and enough cupcakes for all the other children.”

Daycare staff (職員) should also be required (被要求) to clean toys, doorknobs (門把) , floors and cushion covers (抱枕、墊子套) with germ-killing disinfectant (殺菌、消毒劑)
on a daily basis, while youngsters must wash their hands with alcohol-based (以酒精成份為主的) sanitizer (消毒、殺菌劑) before and after playing in sandpits (沙坑), says the NHMRC.

But Australian doctors say the guidelines go too far (太過分、太超過), noting how exposure to (暴露於…) bacteria is essential (必要的) for the development of a healthy immune system (免疫系統).

“If somebody sneezes (打噴嚏) on a cake, I probably don’t want to eat it either — but if you’re blowing out candles, how many organisms (生物、有機體) are transferred (遷移、調動) to a communal (共有的) cake, for goodness’ sake? (看在老天的份上、拜託?!)” AMA president Steve Hambleton told News Ltd.

“It’s normal and healthy to be exposed to a certain amount of environmental antigens (抗原) that build up (增進、組成) our immune systems. If you live in a plastic bubble (塑膠泡泡,意指隔離) you’re going to get infections (傳染病) [later on] that you can’t handle (掌控).”

The NHMRC also urged (催促) parents to allow their children to stay at home if feeling unwell in order to avoid unnecessarily spreading infections to their school classmates. Schools should ignore doctors’ letters that state a pupil is healthy if teachers suspect (懷疑) otherwise (不同樣地), said the council.


在這裡補充一些和文章有關的單字和內容解釋:
Slam:
這個字除了在這篇文章中提到的,對於某人或事件猛烈抨擊外,平常也用來形容猛地關上門、扔、推東西等等,發出砰!一聲的樣子。 另外,籃球比賽中的灌籃(slam dunk)也可以用這個字來表示喔。 美國有一本籃球雜誌就以它作為名稱呢。

bubble-wrapping:
也就是”bubble wrap”的意思。 這種塑膠做成的氣泡包裝紙相信是許多人無聊時的最愛,原因就是壓破它有一種難以言喻的觸感和細微的聲。 通常氣泡包裝紙都用來包覆在貴重或易碎的物品上,在文章裡的意思則是說NHMRC太過保護這些孩童、小題大作。






2012年9月6日 星期四

多益字彙加強

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