同舟共濟‧救災英文詞彙分享
災害，又稱為災難、災禍、災厄、災患、禍患、浩劫，是對能夠給人類和人類賴以生存的環境造成破壞性影響的事物總稱。災害不表示程度，通常指局部，可以擴張和發展，演變成災難。如蝗蟲蟲害的現像在生物界廣泛存在，當蝗蟲大量繁殖、大面積傳播並毀損農作物造成饑荒的時候，即成為蝗災；傳染病的大面積傳播和流行、計算機病毒的大面積傳播即可釀成災難。
災害的分類，按照起因有人為災害或自然災害；根據原因、發生部位和發生機理劃分有地質災害、天氣災害和環境災害、生化災害和海洋災害等。
☆★☆ 一般常見詞彙 ☆★☆
緊急救難人員 emergency rescue personnel
救難 salvage
自動體外去顫器 Automatic External Defibrillator
喉頭罩 Larygeal mask airway
意識 Conscious
心肺復甦術—CPR Cardiac pulmonary resuscitation
高級救命術—ACLS (Advance cardiac life support)
基本救命術BLS (Basic life support)
初級救護技術員EMT-1 (Emergency medical technician—one)
中級救護技術員EMT-2 (Emergency medical technician—2)
高級救護技術員EMT-P (Emergency medical technician—paramedic)
緊急醫療救護系統—EMSS (Emergency medical service system)
緊急救護派遣員-EMD (Emergency medical dispatcher)
教育訓練 Training and Education
訓練課程 Certificate.Training
仰臥起坐板 Sit-up.Board
船艇操作員 Speed.trailer
緊急逃生路線 Evacuation Plan
緊急廣播系統 Emergency Broadcasting System
緩降機 Escape Sling
排煙柵門手動開關 Ventilation Switch
警鈴 Fire Alarm
受信總機 Detector Central Control
緊急出口 Emergency Exit
緊急專用電梯 Emergency Elevator
救災救護指揮中心 Emergency Command Center
疏散方向 Evacuation Route
緊急按鈕 Emergency Stop Button
避難引導Emergency Evacuation Routes
機房重地，請勿進入 Authorized Personnel Only/ Control Room
─ Authorized Personnel only
─ Authorized Personnel only
災難發生時勿搭乘電梯，
請由兩側樓梯逃生
In case of calamity, do
not use the elevator.
Please use
stairs on either side.
為民服務 Citizen Services
全功能服務櫃台General Services Counter
勤務督導 Duty Inspection
防火門 Fire Escape ─ Please Keep Closed
延長線Extension cord
煙囪效應 Stack Effect
溺水 Drown
一氧化碳Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
排煙 Ventilation
野火Wildfires
爆竹Firecracker
可燃性固體 Flammable Solid
災害應變中心 Emergency Response Center
義勇消防人員 Volunteer Firemen
土石流(山崩) Mudflows(Landslides)
海嘯 Tsumami
颱風 Typhoon
颱風警報 A Typhoon Warning
緊急應變小組 Emergency Control Unit
(大)地震 (Massive)Earthquake
(活動)斷層 Active Fault
八卦山長隧道 The Long Tunnel In Pakuashan
災害防救演習 Disaster Prevent And Rescue Exercise
全民防災宣導 All People Fire Prevention Guidance
疏散(避難)路線 Evacuation Route
緊急避難所 Emergency Shelter
標準作業程序 Standard Operation Procedure
直昇機 Helicopter
複燃 Backdraft
閃燃 Flashover
火災調查 Fire Investigation
證據的保全 Preservation Of Evidence
預防損失 Prevent Loss/Contamination
事件調查實驗室 Case Investigation Laboratory
火災統計Fire Statistics
專家證人 Professional Deponent
自然起火 Spontaneous Ignition
燃燒火花 Combustion Sparks
延燒 Exposure
救災物資 material assistance /relief provisions
船艦緊急救難物資 Emergency Ship Salvage Material
救濟司 emergency aid committee (of PRC Ministry of Civil Affairs 民政部)
救援團隊 rescue team
救災款項 disaster relief funds
天然災害 Natural
disaster
風災 Windstorm
水災 Flooding
火災 Fire
震災 Earthquake
旱災 Drought
寒害 Frost
土石流災害 Debris
flow
爆炸災害 Explosion
空難 Air
crash
海難 Shipwreck
事故現場指揮體系ICS Incident
Command System
人為災害 Man-made
disaster
恐怖攻擊事件 Terror
attack
災害應變中心 The
emergency operation center
災害調查 The
disaster investigation
防災宣導 The
propaganda of disaster prevention
防災教育 The
education of disaster prevention
硝化纖維 Cellulose
nitrate
金屬氫化物 Metal
hydrides
深層火災 Deep-Seated
fire
表面火災 Surface
fire
☆★☆ 常見對話 ☆★☆
大家都還好吧?
Is everyone
OK?
不要害怕! 搜救人員會保護你
Please do
not be afraid, the searchers(rescue team) will save you.
請保持鎮定!
Please stay(remain)
calm.
我們會盡力幫助你
We will do
our best to help you.
不要驚慌!
Do not
panic!
用濕毛巾蓋住口鼻
Use a wet
towel to cover your mouth and nose.
儘快走到最近的緊急出口
Walk quickly
to the nearest emergency exit.
不要去拿你的個人財物
Do not take
your personal belongings.
不要使用電梯!
Do not use
the elevators.
不要試圖跳樓
Do not
attempt to jump off the building.
我們會把你的朋友救出來
We will do
our best to rescue your friend.
我們已經控制住現場狀況了
We have already
take control of the situation(damages) here.
你有沒有受傷?
Are you
injured?
你哪裡痛?
Where does
it hurt?
緊閉門窗!!
Shut the
doors and windows well!!
你從哪裡打電話
Where are
you calling from?
你是否有受傷或是受困
Are you
injured or trapped
假如來電者受傷留在你現在的位置。
我們正派人前往協助。
假如你距離火災現場太近，或是有聞到天然瓦斯，在你傷勢許可的範圍下，離開那個區域，但是仍請留在現場附近，這樣救難人員才能找到你
If the
caller is injured：
Stay where
you are. We are sending help.
If there are
fires dangerously close, or if you smell natural gas, move as far away from the
area as your injuries allow, but remain in the general vicinity so that
rescuers can find you.
假如來電者沒有受傷:
你是否知道身旁有沒有其他人受傷請描述一下現場受損的狀況
If the
caller is not injured：
Do you know
if there are others injured around you?
Please
describe the damage in your area?
不要試著單獨去殘骸堆中救人。
在沒有專業的救援技術及設備下，你可能傷害到待救者
Do not try
to extricate victims from debris on your own.
You might
harm them without the use of professional rescue techniques and equipment.
假如你發現受害者，用閃亮明顯的物體標示他們的位置，然後打電話進來，並留在現場直到消防人員抵達
If you find
victims, mark their location with something bright and obvious, call back, and
remain in the area until fire-rescue arrives on-scene.
遠離窗戶或玻璃區域。避免大型玻璃天井區域，通常是在大賣場的中央位置
Stay away
from windows or glassed areas. Avoid large, glassed atrium areas such as might
be found in the center of a mall.
遠離有寬敞天花板區域的大型房間，像是餐廳或是健身房
Stay away
from large rooms with wide ceiling areas, like dining halls or gymnasiums.
你現在在哪裡
Where are
you now?
假如建築物著火，則以一般正常建築物火災案件回應派遣
If the
structure is on fire, dispatch a full structure response!
你必須立即撤離整棟建築物
You need to
evacuate the structure immediately.
假如你看見火光，看見或聞到煙霧，你必須馬上撤離這棟建築物
If you see
fire, or see or smell smoke, then you must evacuate the structure.
除非你正使用行動電話，否則掛上電直到閃電經過。
閃電有可能從電話線中傳導，並造成你受傷或死亡
Unless you
are on a portable or cell phone, hang up until the lightning has passed.
Lightning can travel along phone lines and injure or kill you.
你的房屋是閃電發生時最安全的地方。
假如你在屋內，就留在裡面。遠離窗戶及電器用品
Your house
is the safest place to be in a lightning storm.
If you are
inside, stay there. Avoid windows and electrical appliances.
資料來源: 救災 維基百科/內政部相關資源
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